According to the latest report, recently, scientists conducted a special experiment in the laboratory, they used lasers and foam balls to replicate the supernova explosion process that triggered the birth of the solar system.
Nova explosions stimulated the formation of clouds of gas and dust, thereby promoting the birth of the solar system. At present, scientists have reproduced this process in the laboratory with lasers and foam balls.
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Supernova explosions typically release molecular clouds of gas and dust, the “building blocks” that form the sun and planets, which, if unaffected, can remain in a quiet equilibrium forever. Triggered by external events such as shock waves generated by supernova explosions, large amounts of dense matter can be produced, collapse, and form stars.
According to the results of researchers at the Paris Institute of Technology in France, this is the initial process of the birth of the solar system. These events have never been observed, and mathematical simulations cannot measure the complexity. Therefore, researchers began to focus on using more common tools to reveal what happened.
Molecular clouds are the basic elements that form the sun and planets. If they are not affected, they can maintain a quiet balance. The researchers used a foam sphere to represent a dense region in the molecular cloud while using a high-power laser to fire shock waves that could penetrate the gas into the foam sphere, and they observed this through X-ray images.
How the solar system was born has been one of the topics of theoretical discussion and debate in the field of astronomy for decades, and this latest study will open up a new avenue from an experimental point of view. The French researchers’ theoretical starting point is that something is needed to excite clouds of gas and dust that form the sun, Earth, and other planets.
When a nearby large star explodes, it releases a shock wave of energetic particles through space that may eventually collide in a calm nebula. This process causes dust and gas to swirl around the protostar (a dense region of dust and gas in the molecular layer), allowing planets to gradually form around the protostar, rather than collapsing into the sun to form larger stars.
Current astronomical observations do not have a high enough spatial resolution to observe these processes, and numerical simulations cannot handle the complex interactions between molecular clouds and supernova remnants.
Therefore, the process by which supernova explosions create new stars has previously been a mystery, and now this latest study provides new clues. The research team used high-energy lasers and foam spheres to simulate the interaction between supernova remnants and molecular clouds. The foam spheres represent A dense region in the molecular layer that corresponds to a protostar that would evolve into the sun in the future.
Moreover, when triggered by an external event, such as a shock wave from a supernova explosion, a large amount of dense material can be produced, which can collapse and form stars.
Shock waves from high-power lasers, representing the remnants of the supernova explosion, traveled through the surrounding gas into the foam ball. Experiments have shown that stars are formed by shock waves from supernova explosions that travel through gas and dust, forming some dense matter.
Furthermore, this simple experiment will provide new clues to the evolution of the universe, and researchers have found that under certain extreme conditions, supernova remnants can collapse into a new star.
Study co-author Bruno Albertazzi said: “Our primordial molecular cloud, the region where the sun was born, was most likely triggered by supernova remnants, which will give astrophysicists the opportunity to work in the laboratory. Insights into the mystery of the birth of the sun open up a new and promising avenue.”
According to the research team, remnants of material ejected from ancient supernova explosions can still be found in ancient meteorite samples. It is reported that members of the research team are from the Free University of Berlin in Germany, the Russian Academy of Sciences, the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom, and Osaka University in Japan.
The study concludes that our solar system and its planets were formed by the ejection of material from supernova explosions, the final stages of the life of massive stars.
“We’re starting to study the interaction between supernova remnants and molecular clouds, and with the latest method, we can see in the laboratory whether the average density of the foam balls increases and star formation becomes easier,” Albertazzi said.
These mechanisms affect the rate of star formation and the evolution of galaxies, helping to explain how massive stars form and how they affect the solar system. The experimental results show that under high-power laser bombardment, the foam of the foam ball is partially compressed and partially stretched, thereby changing the average density of the foam ball.
A supernova is the largest explosion event in space. A massive star’s pressure drops to the limit and eventually cannot resist its own gravity. Gravitational collapse occurs rapidly. The star collapses and collapses in just a few seconds. We call this process a supernova. The explosion, which is incredibly bright, is powerful enough to generate new atomic nuclei.
The next steps will need to take into account the tensile mass of the foam balls during the experiment to better analyze the effects of compressed matter and shock waves on the star. In addition, they plan to explore effects such as radiation, magnetic fields, and turbulence. The latest research report is now published in the journal Matter and Extreme Radiation.
